答案:The Declaration of Independence was drafted by Thomas Jefferson, which the Congress adopted on July 4,1776. The Declaration presented a public defense of the American War of Independence, and most importantly, it explained the philosophy behind the war that men have a natural right to "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness", that governments can rule only with "the consent of the governed", that any government may be dissolved when it fails to protect the rights of the people. This theory of politics is central to the Westerne political tradition.