【名词解释】湘赣苏区第一次反“围剿”
【名词解释】湘赣苏区第一次反“围剿”
发布时间：2025-07-29 16:32:34
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答案：湘赣革命根据地军民粉碎国民党军队第一次“围剿”的斗争。1931年11月初，敌集中10个师和地主武装共8万人，对湘赣苏区实行重点“围剿”。敌军第四十三师郭华宗部、第十四师周至柔部、第五十三师李抱冰部和第七十七师罗霖部配置在赣江一线，第十八师朱耀华部驻袁水流域，第十九师李觉部、第六十二师陶广部、第六十三师陈光中部驻攸县、茶陵、酃县、资兴、萍乡一带，第二十八师公秉藩部和第十二师王懋德部三十四旅驻遂川、万安和赣县。以五十三师进攻安福，四十三师移攻阜田、油田，十四师进攻永新，七十七师移攻莲花，六十三师、二十八师进攻永阳。中共湘赣省委为了粉碎敌人的“围剿”，组成以林瑞笙为书记的临时前委，统一指挥红军与地方武装的行动。以红军独立第七团和红色警卫团合编为湘赣红军独立第三师，令红军独立第一师速返湘赣，并令各县地方武装积极开展游击斗争。11月中旬至12月初，独立一、三师在地方武装配合下，取得莲花升坊、永新傅家垅等战斗的胜利，接着在钱市街伏击敌十四师，迫其退回吉安。1932年1月，为了更有效地粉碎敌人的“围剿”，湘赣省军区成立，总指挥张启龙、政委甘泗淇。在省军区统一指挥下，湘赣红军10日在莲花清水、黄陂消灭七十七师罗霖部2个连，缴枪百余支；11日在莲花九都缴枪70余支；13日在攸县官田消灭一挨户团，并击溃增援之敌十二师的1个旅；27日，在莲花海潭击溃罗霖部1个营，缴枪40余支，迫使敌七十七师逃向萍乡。31日，在萍乡新店里又给敌以沉重打击。经过近1个月的战斗，收复了湘赣苏区失地。至此，粉碎了敌人的第一次“围剿”。[听力原文]36-46 To all Americans, another basic (36) foundation in their constitution is the Bill of rights, adopted in 1971. This consists of 10 very short paragraphs which (37) guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid (38) interference with lives of individuals by the government. Each paragraph is an Amendment to the original Constitution. The Bill of Rights guarantees Americans the right to a speedy (39) trial if accused of a crime. The trial must be by a (40) jury and then the (41) accused person must be allowed representation by a lawyer and must be able to call in (42) witness to speak for him or her. Cruel and unusual punishment is (43) forbidden. In the bill of Rights, (44) Americans are guaranteed freedom of religion, of speech and of the press. They have the right to assemble in public places, to protest government actions and to demand change. They have the right to own weapons if they wish. Because of the Bill of Rights, nether police nor soldiers can stop and search a person without good reason. (45) They also cannot search a person’s home without legal permission from a court. There were 16 other amendments to the Constitution as of 1991. The changes are not many considering that the constitution was written in 1787. Only a few need to be mentioned here. One forbids slavery and three others guarantee citizenship and full rights of citizenship to all people regardless of race. (46) Another gives women the rights to vote and another lowered the national voting age to 18 years.
