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Compare Basel I and Basel II.

发布时间：2025-01-10 07:01:57

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答案：【计分规则】: （1）The core content of Basel I is to address the issue of the absence of international banks’ supervisors,hig hlighting two points: ①No foreign institutions of bank can evade supervision, which is the shared responsibility of the home country and host countries. ②The host country is the main supervisor of the foreign branch banks’ liquidity and the foreign subsidiary banks’ solvency,the bank head office is the main supervisor of its foreign branch banks’ solvency, and the liquidity of the foreign subsidiary banks is supervised by the home country. According to the Basel II, No bank can evade supervision. If the home country’s authorities’ supervision of its foreign banks is inadequate, the host country has the right to prohibit these banks from operating within their territory. The home country’s authority is responsible for the supervision of the branch banks’ solvency, the supervision of subsidiary banks’ solvency is shared by the home country and host country, and the supervision of joint venture banks’ solvency belongs to the participating countries. The supervision of the foreign subsidiary banks’ and the foreign branch banks’ liquidity is supervised by the host countries’ authorities, while the regulatory authorities of the home country should supervise the liquidity of the entire bank group. （2）The evaluation: Basel II is more specific and more detailed than Basel I, such as clarifying the supervisory responsibilities and the supervisory powers of the home country and host countries, identifying the main supervisor of the foreign subsidiary banks, the foreign branch banks and the joint venture banks, to supervise their solvency, liquidity, and foreign exchange and position, which reflects the principle of ‘supervision must be adequate’. Therefore, there is no substantial difference between Basel I and Basel II: The general idea is that ‘the main principle of equity, supplemented by principles of marketing; the main comprehensive consolidated supervision of the home country, supplemented by individual supervision’. For the supervision content such as solvency, only abstract regulatory principles and the assignment of responsibilities are proposed without specific and feasible regulatory standards. Each country's supervision of international banking is independent and self-contained, and the principle of adequate supervision can’t be reflected.