答案:The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee's formal job requirements and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace is called citizenship behavior. Successful organizations need employees who will do more than their usual job duties—who will provide performance beyond expectations. In today's dynamic workplace, where tasks are increasingly performed by teams and flexibility is critical, employees who engage in "good citizenship" behaviors help others on their team, volunteer for extra work, avoid unnecessary conflicts, respect the spirit as well as the letter of rules and regulations, and gracefully tolerate occasional work-related impositions and nuisances.LO: 8Difficulty: ModerateQuest. Category: ConceptLearning Outcome: Define organizational behavior and identify the variables associated with its study